Essay on Evolution of Technology in Western Civilization

There is little doubt that Western culture has caused a singular age in lifetime of the globe, that has become a science and technology revolution. Transformation of nature on the earth has entered a brand new stage, that is characterized by avalanche unpredictable progress.

Since the start of humanity, there's a relentless scientific and technological progress because of the event of the human mind. If we tend to contemplate the event of man from the start, we are going to notice a trend. Initially, human was engaged in gathering, ie, he gathered berries. Humans used and gathered what was fully grown naturally, not by him. Then folks discovered that they might grow any grains and legumes to supply themselves with food. He began making special tools to cultivate the land. Later, folks began to make a range of tools for farming, hunting, etc. (Zsinka, 2014).

With the event of crafts, folks have gotten additional opportunities for existence, they might give themselves with everything they needed: food, dishes, clothes, etc. an equivalent trend are often ascertained throughout the event of business. With the event of business, folks have improved their achievements. They produce higher product that meet the wants of humanity. folks perpetually improve themselves and everything around to change the life.

In the twentieth century, science and technology began to play the role of the most engines of economic and social development. Scientific-technical revolution became a support vector of historical dynamics. For people who enjoyed it to the utmost extent, it gave strength, that at the top of the twentieth century was the live of success of the country and therefore the folks. Economic and military power of the state, complemented by a high normal of living, that area unit supported NTP, truly puts it ahead within the forefront, provides benefits within the international arena (Perl, 2011).

Western civilization may be a special variety of civilization (culture), that traditionally emerged in Western Europe and within the last century endured a particular method of social modernization (Bowden, 2011). Western culture is related to the progressive development and constant changes during a person’s life. It appeared in ancient Balkan country and ancient Rome. the primary stage of its development, known as “ancient civilization”, was marked by the emergence of the core values of the Western variety of society: personal possession, personal business, market-oriented; the primary sample of democracy – democracy, however, was limited; republican sort of government. It created the foundations of civil society to confirm the rights and freedom of the individual, similarly as a system of social and cultural principles that contribute to the mobilization of creativeness and development of the individual.

The next stage within the development of Western culture is connected with Europe and Christianity. The Reformation gave rise to a brand new trend in Christianity – Christian religion, that became the religious foundation of Western culture. the most price of this civilization is that the individual freedom of alternative all told spheres of life. it had been directly connected with the event of specific European variety of temperament that emerged throughout the Renaissance. “The individual becomes tragically accountable not just for approximation and removal from the Supreme, however additionally for the selection of what he, that individual, considers the Supreme…” (Fitzgerald, 2002).

According to Weber, rationality became the foremost vital freelance price of the West. Public consciousness is rational, freed from spiritual dogma in resolution sensible issues, pragmatically, however the scope of application of Christian values may be a social morality of not solely his personal life, however additionally of business ethics (Zafirovski, 2011).

In the era of geographical discoveries and colonial wars, Europe extended its variety of development in different regions of the globe. For the primary time, mankind, because of the worldwide unfold of Western values and establishments (16-19 centuries), was extremely integrated into the framework of the world-embracing system of connections. By the top of the 19th-early twentieth century, these values and establishments became dominant within the world and continuing to outline the most options of the face of the world during this century till terribly recently.

The main content of civilization method within the twentieth century was the tendency to the formation of the historical structures of the universal world civilization. Processes happening within the twentieth century within the West became international, directly touching all nations, all different civilizations, UN agency were forced to hunt a solution to the historical challenge of the West. That challenge was perceived during a specific sort of reality as an important of modernization. during this state of affairs, the question of the connection between modernization and assimilation became central to the overwhelming majority of humanity of non-Western world (Lin, 2010).

In the half of the twentieth century, the globe was developing below the influence of scientific and industrial revolution (STR), that is sometimes understood as a qualitative transformation of recent productive forces on the premise of science and technology. STR began within the 30s of the twentieth century and received a strong acceleration throughout the Second warfare and therefore the conflict.

There were found new sources of energy – nuclear, solar-powered, wind generation plants. folks started exploitation new artificial materials – nylon, plastic, etc. Automation has modified the character of labor and therefore the place of man within the production method. The emergence of informatics has created logistic base for the scientific management of social processes. Industries cherish physical science, petrochemicals, energy, the mechanization and automation of production came to the fore. folks started exploring house and underwater world. STR has diode to the discharge of latest kinds of product, introduction of latest technologies and new tools. Dissemination of scientific and industrial revolution wasn’t confined to business, transport, communications, and energy. STR chop-chop invaded different areas of life, cherish trade, criterion, education, management (Milke, 2012).

Today technology intrudes into all areas of society: from social science to sports and leisure, it affects social relationships, changes the structure and hierarchy of values, and determines characteristics of the trendy individual.

With the assistance of technology folks produce a brand new world, each real and virtual, create technical objects (car, computer) the most objects of attention, commutation natural communication with their folks. Technology has increased power and prospects of man. At an equivalent time, it's brought a bunch of latest issues, spawned sharp contradictions, has become one in every of the causes of the crisis of civilization (Hunt, 2008). Public opposition to the development of nuclear energy plants, chemical, pulp and paper mills are often thought-about a reaction to the scientific and technological progress. typically they're expressed  in an exceedingly in a terribly} very extravagant kind. as an instance, yankee farmers Mennonites abandoned agricultural machinery and plow with the assistance of horses (Zsinka, 2014).

Technical progress cannot be stopped. Ultimately, it defines the socio-economic development of society and therefore the normal of living. Development of civilization depends on however chop-chop scientific and technological progress develops. Enhancing the role of science and technology in fashionable society actualizes the ethical responsibility of the mortal for the results of his discoveries. it's famous that a lot of nuclear scientists concerned within the development of atomic weapons, warned the globe regarding the ruinous consequences of its application.

In our time, humanity has nice losses, each human and material, as a results of technical failures and accidents. Though, not solely technique is to be darned. folks dominant it always create mistakes, that result in tragedies. the basis explanation for the negative impact of technology on the human want ought Tobe hunted for not most in it, as in man, in social relations, within the ways that of resolution economic and different problems, ways that to satisfy social and individual wants.

Mankind has fictitious medicine and alcohol, that area unit wide utilized in drugs and industry; however they additionally created the conditions for such phenomena as dependency and alcoholism, providing mass human losses comparable wars (Huff, 2014).

Transformation of science into a right away productive force of society doesn't mean that science is remodeled into its fourth component. This solely shows that science most importantly and absolutely affects each component of the productive forces of society, thereby changing and amplifying them. Results of analysis eventually result in the advance and therefore the emergence of innovative instruments and objects of labor, raise the extent of data and skills of the force, that successively provides the premise for the transformation and growth of the productive forces of society, and ultimately – for economic development.

As to such a feature of recent scientific and industrial revolution, because the priority development of science compared with the instrumentality and technology, it's of elementary importance within the gift conditions. Countries and enormous economic entities gain the likelihood to predict and set up the creation of such instrumentality and technology, which can make sure the implementation of strategic plans within the field of economic development and resolution social issues.

Acceleration of atmosphere has nice economic and social importance for any country within the world. maybe there's no additional powerful and powerful issue, that has such a major impact on all economic and social processes.